The textbook discusses several therapy approaches that are "insight" oriented. For this assignment, I'd like you to choose one of the approaches discussed in this section (listed below):
- Psychoanalysis (hence the picture above - clients don't typically lie on couches, though!)
- Client-Centered Therapy
- Positive Psychotherapy/Psychology
Choose one of the therapy approaches listen above and do some self-guided research. Please include the following:
- Which therapy approach did you choose?
- In detail, describe this approach. Please include who the "founder" of this approach was, or who is most associated with it. Also, what is the central tenet of the approach? Etc.
I chose to analyze the work of Carl Rogers. Taking a humanistic perspective, Rogers devised client-centered therapy. As defined in the textbook, client-centered therapy emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy. Rogers believed that the most personal distress is due to inconsistency, (“incongruence”) between a person’s self-concept and reality. This incongruence leads a person to feel threatened when others provide feedback that is inconsistent with their own beliefs about themselves. The anxiety that comes from such feedback leads them to rely on the use of defense mechanisms, distortions of reality, and restricted personal growth. The goal of client-centered therapy is to provide the client with self-acceptance and personal growth. Rogers emphasizes the importance of the climate in which the therapy takes place rather than the process itself. Therapists need to provide a warm, supportive, accepting climate that reduces feelings of being threatened. Rogers firmly believed that a supportive emotional climate is the major force that promotes healthy changes in therapy. In order to provide this particular climate, the therapist must offer genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathy. In client-centered therapy, the primary goal of the therapist is to provide clarification rather than guidance. Rather than giving advice, therapists help clients become more aware of their true feelings by acting as a “human mirror,” reflecting statements back to their clients, but with enhanced clarity. Overall, the purpose of client-centered therapy is to achieve a major reconstruction of the client’s personality by increasing the client’s self-awareness.
ReplyDeleteI chose the topic of Psychoanalysis to further review . Psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud. He emphasized the idea that the unconscious mind was the main factor that contributed to people's behavior. Childhood experiences played a significant role in determining the personality of an adult He believed that the mind was divided into three main parts; the id, ego, and super ego. The Id was the primitive, instinctive component that functioned only on the pleasure principle. Ego was the decision making component that operates by the reality principle and finally the superego was the moral component of personality that focus on social standards of what is right and what is wrong. He also believed that the id,ego, and superego were spread across three layers of awareness; the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Much of Freud's work was done as case studies which are individual studies being done on one person. In a case study, every aspect of the individuals life is examined and the idea is that from studying one individual it will hope to make a generalization about many others. Unfortunately, case studies are not always the best solution. The idea of psychoanalysis is to release built up emotions and experiences to make the unconscious conscious. It is normally used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Psychoanalysis works well with mild issues and it is unclear whether clients actually get better with this type of therapy but some research shows that psychoanalysis may speed up the rate at which the client gets better.
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ReplyDeleteI decided to look further into positive psychology/psychotherapy which was founded by Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi define positive psychology as "the scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels that include the biological, personal, relational, institutional, cultural, and global dimensions of life." Positive psychologists focus on a person’s talents, values, strengths, and virtues instead of the person’s mental health. Positive psychologists also try to make a client’s life more fulfilling by appreciating themselves and life rather than only focusing on the person’s mental illness. Positive psychology is primarily concerned with using the psychological theory, research and intervention techniques to understand the positive, adaptive, creative and emotionally fulfilling aspects of human behavior. Positive psychologists are concerned with four topics which include positive experiences, enduring psychological traits, positive relationships and positive institutions. The main goal of this type of therapy is to not only bring the person into a positive atmosphere when in therapy, but to be in positive surroundings including family, friends, school, work, and so on.
ReplyDeleteMihaly Csikszentmihalyi is also responsible for the idea of "flow" that we discussed earlier this semester.
DeleteThe approach I chose to look into was client-centered therapy.The founder of this approach is Carl Rogers. Client-centered therapy is a method of psychotherapy in which the client is in charger. The client determines the focus and the pace in each therapy session. The central tenet of the approach is that people are inclined to move toward healing and growth. Rogers believes that all people are for the most part good and want to achieve good mental health. He believes in the power of healing ourselves. There are six key factors that stimulate growth in this approach. They include: Therapist-Client Psychological Contact, Client Incongruence, or Vulnerability, Therapist Congruence, or Genuineness, Therapist Unconditional Positive Regard, Therapist Empathic understanding, and Client Perception.
ReplyDeleteThe approach I chose to look into was psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is generally associated with Sigmund Freund. He was the founder of this type of therapy and contributed a lot to the field of psychology. However, he is not the only person famous for psychoanalysis. Erik Erikson expanded Freud's theories and added some things that Freud didn't agree with during his time working with people.
ReplyDeletePsychoanalysis is a unique sort of therapy in the way that the analyst does not lead the sessions - the client does. The client generally lays on a couch facing away from the analyst and talks about whatever comes to mind. This sounds easy, but in reality, it is very difficult because the client isn't supposed to censor his or her thoughts and feelings that come up. Whenever a painful subject comes up, it is a sign leading in the direction of where the hurt is. The analyst's job is to help identify what the hurt in the client is and help the client bring it to the surface and work through it. Psychoanalysis is a long process that usually takes a few years to get through. It's an approach that requires looking into what Freud and Erikson termed the "unconscious" to find what is causing a person's behavior. Once the client and analyst are close to discovering what the root of the client's problem is, the client will often feel afraid and not want to keep going through therapy, so this obviously causes problems with a lot of people continuing on with treatment. This is one of the most well-known therapies and has continued to be used because of its effectiveness if treatment is carried out completely.
Psychoanalysis it was founded by Sigmund Freund and has the patient lie down or sit comfortably not looking at the psych and talk about whatever comes to mind just letting it flow out uninhibited while the psychiatrist filters through it looking for any expression of past hurt when these things come up they help the client see the causes with a more compassionate, understanding perspective so they can heal those aspects of there personality. a lot of people have trouble exposing there real thoughts because of the idea of becoming vulnerable so its important the therapist promote an atmosphere of comfort ability and trust.
ReplyDeleteit also began in the 1890's and they looked into a persons dreams for a deeper meaning expressing an aspect of there unconscious. Psychotherapy is now barely existent in society today do to Its usefulness as a technique has not been properly demonstrated"
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ReplyDeleteClient-centered therapy is also known as person-centered therapy developed by Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It is a non-directive form of talk therapy and is now one of the most widely used approaches in psychotherapy. Rogers was a humanist and believed that people are fundamentally good. There are two main elements of this therapy: to be non-directive and to emphasize unconditional positive regard. Non-directive means that the client leads the discussion and the therapist does not guide the client in a particular direction. Therapists need to show complete acceptance and support for their clients throughout this process. Roger states that a client-centered therapists need to be genuine, show unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding. The goal is to create a comfortable therapeutic environment that is non-judgmental.
Rogers was one of most influential psychologists of the 20th-century. He believed that people naturally have the desire to be the best that they can be. This therapy was originally called non-directive therapy since the goal was have the clients lead the therapy discussion without therapist direction. His technique eventually became known as client-centered or Rogerian therapy. Rogers strongly believed that people were clients instead of patients. This is due to the fact that he wanted to emphasize that people are not sick and looking for a cure, but rather, people are seeking assistance to overcome difficulties and better themselves. Rogers believed that this kind of relationship leads to more client insight and empowers the individual. Overall, Roger’s client-centered therapy aims to create a comfortable environment where the client is in control instead of the therapist.
I chose Positive Psychotherapy/Psychology which a strengths based approach. As social workers, we always approach our client's assessments with the strengths based approach which is looking at the positives of a client versus what has been done wrong in the past. Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed this type of therapy. These men proposed that if we focus on something positive such as the client's talents and accomplishments, then the client will in turn be able to see themselves as a strong, successful individual leading to them also believing that positivity can be a way of life. Instead of focusing on why the person came to therapy in the first place such as a mental illness or a harsh past, we can view their life as a victory in them overcoming those things or on their way to do so. This provides a sense of self-worth and self-esteem for the client as well. This is the kind of therapy that I would enjoy for myself.
ReplyDeleteI chose psychoanalysis. The founder of psychoanalysis is Sigmund Freud. The basic beliefs are a majority of an individual’s development is determined by childhood events, attitude is largely influenced by irrational drives that are unconscious and attempting to bring them to consciousness is met by strong defense mechanisms. The typical therapeutic treatment involves the patient expressing his thoughts, fantasies, and dreams and the therapists discovers the unconscious conflicts that are causing the patient’s distress and provides solutions to the proposed problems. This is often represented by the typical illustration of a patient lying on the bed telling the therapist about their dreams. The patient, not the therapist leads the session. Psychoanalysis has received a great deal of criticism, one of the more notable being that it is a pseudoscience. There are numerous theories, one of the most predominant the idea that there is an Id, Ego, and Superego which we discussed at length in class. An extremely important component of successful treatment is the relationship between the patient and the therapist. The patient has to learn to trust the therapist, so the therapist can develop insight within the psychoanalytic sessions. Psychoanalysis commonly helps treat conflicts that are interfering with day-to-day functioning, such as phobias, depression, anxiety, and a wide variety of relationship problems.
ReplyDeleteI chose to blog about the Client-Centered Therapy that was developed the psychologist Carl Rogers. The central tenet of approach of Client-Centered Therapy is to be non-directive, instead of psychologist asking the client what the problem is, clients are allowed to direct the conversation however they want it to go. Client-Centered Therapy also emphasizes unconditional positive regard for the client by showing their support, care and acceptance of the person. Psychologist should show uncoditional postive regard through genuiness by being honest in how they feel and also they need to be empathetic in their understading of the clients feelings. They should mirror the feelings and thoughts of their clients in order to show them how they are truly feeling and clients will be able to deduce how to solve their problem and see the magnitude of the problem they are experiencing but will have a good view of themselves. I really like this approach because I feel as though a lot of times when I go to my doctor with a problem he is the one doing most of the talking and he doesn't discover my actual problems until he gives me the chance to explain better.
ReplyDeleteI chose the approach client-centered therapy. This approach was founded by Carl Rogers. The client decides how therapy will go. He or she decides how fast and what they are going to talk about during the sessions. His therapy helps clients realize that they do not need acceptance from everyone that they need to focus on themselves.The approach helps people find themselves and not worry about what others think as long as they accept themselves. The sessions help provide emotional support for the client. The therapist is emphasizes with the client and shows support and acceptance. Also the therapist should be positive and genuine when showing his or her feelings to the client giving honest feedback that will help the client. Reality will then reflect the self concept that the client has in a positive light.
ReplyDeleteI chose to research psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud said that the human mind consisted of the three elements, the id, ego, and the superego. He also had the theories of the psychosexual stages. He conducted clinical cases and case studies for his observations and theories.
ReplyDeletePsychoanalysis has a comprehensive theory about human nature, motivation, behavior, development and experience. Also, it is the treatment for psychological problems and difficulties towards being able to live a successful life. Its framework consists of each individual being unique, there are factors outside of a person’s awareness that influence the patient’s thoughts or actions, how the past shapes the present, and that human beings are always in the process of development through out their lives. For treatment, an analytic setting must be made to enable one to become more aware of different aspects of their internal experiences that were hidden. The psychoanalyst and the patient work together in the treatment process, in order to uncover symptoms and behavioral patterns of that patient. One is then able to enhance their behavioral freedom.
I chose to research further into Positive Psychotherapy/Psychology. When I was researching, I found different information on Positive Psychotherapy and Positive Psychology, so I wrote a little on both.
ReplyDeletePositive Psychotherapy (PPT) is a psychotherapeutic method developed by Nossrat Peseschkian in 1968. PPT is based on the positive image of man and is a psychotherapy address the positive, content-wise and strategic approach. The three main principles of PT are the principle of hope, the principle of balance, and the principle of consultation.
Positive Psychology is a more recent branch of Psychology that has been primarily developed by Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Positive Psychology is the scientific study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. Positive Psychologists are concerned with four topics, positive experiences, enduring psychological traits, positive relationships, and positive institutions. The goal of PP is to change people’s negative styles of thinking as a way to change how they feel.
I chose to look into client-centered therapy. Client-centered therapy is also known as person-centered therapy, and was developed in the 1940’s-1950’s by Carl Rogers. Rogers first started calling this therapy non-directive therapy, because his goal was to direct his clients as little as possible. He realized that this was impossible and that every therapist ends up guiding their clients, whether they mean to or not, and that sometimes the main reason a client seeks a therapist is for guidance specifically.
ReplyDeleteRogers also stressed that the people served were clients and not patients, because the people were seeking assistance in order to control their destiny and overcoming their obstacles. He didn’t like to refer to them as sick and looking for a cure.
Two key things about client-centered therapy is that it is as non-directive as possible and emphasizes unconditional positive regard. Carl Rogers says that the therapist must be genuine, unconditionally positive in regard, and empathetically understanding. All of these are centered toward the goal that the client can be open and honest with the therapist and themselves so that they may come to understand as the therapist will understand them, and see their future in a positive light, and change as a good thing, not a negative thing.
For this blog assignment I chose to research Psychoanalysis. Sigmund Frued founded Psychoanalysis. Frued stressed that the unconscious mind was the main factor that guided people's behavior. He also stated that childhood experiences helped in determining the type of adult they would grow to be. Frued believed that the mind was divided into three main parts; the ego, id, and super ego. Ego was the decision making component that operates by the reality principle and finally the superego was the moral component of personality. The superego focuses on what is right and wrong and what is socially acceptable. The Id was the instinctive component that focuses on the pleasure principle. He also believed that the id, ego, and superego exist in the conscious, unconscious and preconscious.
ReplyDeleteMuch of Freud's work was done as case studies. Psychoanalysis is thought to release pent up emotions and lifetime experiences to make the unconscious aware. It is often times used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. It is unknown whether clients actually get better with this type of therapy or if the issues clear up on their own. Many researchers’ evidence shows that psychoanalysis may speed up the time in which clients get better.
Client-centered therapy
ReplyDeleteOriginally known as non-directive therapy and now also known as person-centered therapy or Rogerian therapy, client-centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers. Client-centered therapy’s aim is to allow therapy in a situation where the therapist is non-directive. This means the therapist does not “guide” the client by giving insights, solutions, or suggestions. The therapist does not pass judgment on the client for this thoughts or feelings. Originally known as non-directive therapy, this was the goal. However, Rogers eventually realized that clients seek a bit of guidance and therapists give it, even in subtle, unintentional ways. Therefore, the approach was renamed client-centered therapy. The patient is referred to as a “client” rather than a “patient,” as the latter of those terms puts a sort of label of illness onto the individual. As a “client,” the individual chooses his/her own path, unguided by the therapist. The central concept is that we all have the power to heal ourselves and come to our own realizations about our mental health or its underlying problems/triggers. No realization is more correct than one provided without the direct guidance of the therapist, which can be biased.
I chose to research client-centered therapy to research. Client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, was developed by humanist psychologist Carl Rodgers in the 1940's and 1950's. Client-centered therapy is a non-directive form of talk therapy and is a very widely used approaches in psychotherapy. During each therapy session, both the pace and focus is determined by the client. The environment of client centered therapy is meant to be comfortable, non-judemental, and empathetic to make the client feel comfortable and work towards healing. Client-centered therapy consists of two key elements which are: non-directive (clients lead the session and the therapist refrains form steering the therapy in any direction) and an emphasis on positive regard (therapists show complete acceptance of the client). Rodgers believes in ones goodness and the power of healing and therefore the central tenant of Rodgers approach is to move towards healing and growth.
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